chidziwitso

Tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) ndi gulu lapadera la zida zodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, mphamvu zake zazikulu, komanso kukana kuvala ndi dzimbiri. Ma aloyiwa, opangidwa makamaka ndi tungsten ndi chitsulo chomangira ngati faifi tambala kapena chitsulo, apeza ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha zinthu zake zodabwitsa. Kuchokera muzamlengalenga ndi chitetezo mpaka mphamvu ndi zomangamanga, ma WHA amatenga gawo lofunikira pazinthu zambiri, kuwapanga kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo wamakono.

Kodi kachulukidwe ka mipiringidzo ya tungsten heavy alloy ndi chiyani?

Mipiringidzo ya Tungsten heavy alloy imadzitamandira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imayambira 17 mpaka 18.5 g/cm³, yomwe ili pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa lead. Kachulukidwe kapadera kameneka kamabwera chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa tungsten, chitsulo chowundana chosakanizika chokhala ndi atomiki yolemera 183.84 u. Kuchulukana kwa ma WHA kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe kake, koma zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa tungsten, komwe nthawi zambiri kumapitilira 90% kulemera.

Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa tungsten heavy alloy mipiringidzo kumawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira misa yayikulu komanso kukula kophatikizana. Ntchito imodzi yodziwika bwino ndi yotsutsana ndi zolemetsa, pomwe kuchulukana kwawo kumathandizira kupanga tinthu ting'onoting'ono komanso bwino. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pamakina otchinga ma radiation, monga zida zachipatala, mafakitale amagetsi a nyukiliya, ndi ma particle accelerators, chifukwa kachulukidwe kawo kamachepetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma radiation.

Komanso, tungsten heavy alloy mipiringidzo kupeza ntchito mu kinetic mphamvu penetrators, amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito poboola zida zida kuti athe kulowa mu mbale zida zakuda. Kuchulukirachulukira komanso kuchuluka kwa mipiringidzo iyi kumawathandiza kukhalabe ndi mphamvu komanso mphamvu zamakinetic paulendo wautali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kulowa bwino.

Kodi tungsten heavy alloy bar imapangidwa bwanji?

Njira yopangira ma tungsten heavy alloy mipiringidzo imaphatikizapo njira zingapo zovuta kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna komanso kukula kwake. Zopangira zoyambira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ufa wa tungsten, chitsulo chomangira (nthawi zambiri faifi tambala kapena chitsulo), ndipo nthawi zina tinthu tating'ono ta alloying.

Gawo loyamba ndikuphatikiza ufa wa tungsten ndi chitsulo chomangira ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera zomwe zikufunidwa. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumayendetsedwa ndi njira yotchedwa liquid phase sintering, komwe imapangidwira ndikutenthedwa ndi kutentha pamwamba pa malo osungunuka a zitsulo zomangira, koma pansi pa malo osungunuka a tungsten. Panthawi imeneyi, chitsulo chosungunula chomangira chimalowa mu ufa wa tungsten, kupanga aloyi wandiweyani komanso wofanana.

Pambuyo pa sintering, aloyiyo imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zachiwiri, monga kutentha kwa isostatic (HIP) kapena kuzizira kwa isostatic (CIP), kuti ipititse patsogolo kachulukidwe ndi makina ake. Njirazi zimagwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwambiri kwa alloy, kuchotsa porosity yotsalira ndikuwonjezera kukhulupirika kwake.

Aloyiyo imayendetsedwa ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a makina ndi kumaliza, monga kutembenuza, mphero, kugaya, ndi kupukuta, kuti akwaniritse miyeso yomwe ikufunidwa ndi kutsirizitsa kwapamwamba kwa tungsten heavy alloy mipiringidzo. Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, mankhwala owonjezera otentha kapena zokutira pamwamba atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukhathamiritsa zinthu zomaliza.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mipiringidzo ya tungsten heavy alloy ndi chiyani?

Mipiringidzo ya Tungsten heavy alloy imapereka zabwino zambiri zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazabwino zawo zazikulu ndikuchulukirako kwapadera, komwe kumawathandiza kuti azitha kupereka kulemera kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwake mu chinthu chophatikizika. Khalidweli ndi lofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe malo ndi zolemetsa ndizofunikira kwambiri, monga zazamlengalenga, zachitetezo, ndi zamasewera.

Ubwino wina wofunikira wa mipiringidzo ya tungsten heavy alloy ndi kulimba kwawo komanso kulimba kwawo. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa tungsten, yomwe ndi chitsulo cholimba kwambiri komanso chosakanizika. Zotsatira zake, ma WHA amawonetsa kukana kwamphamvu kwa mavalidwe, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina onyamula katundu, malo owononga, kapena kutentha kwambiri.

Komanso, tungsten heavy alloy bar bar ali ndi mphamvu zolimbana ndi dzimbiri, makamaka m'malo amchere komanso amchere. Khalidweli limawapangitsa kukhala abwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta, monga m'makampani opanga mankhwala, kufufuza mafuta ndi gasi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito panyanja.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma WHAs ali ndi zida zapadera zotchinjiriza ma radiation chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso kupezeka kwa tungsten, yomwe ili ndi nambala yayikulu ya atomiki. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magwero a radiation, monga zida zojambulira zamankhwala, zida zanyukiliya, ndi ma particle accelerators.

Ubwino wina wa mipiringidzo ya tungsten heavy alloy ndi mawonekedwe awo omwe si a maginito, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe maginito amayenera kupewedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa, monga muzinthu zina zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi.

Ponseponse, kuphatikiza kwapadera kwazinthu zoperekedwa ndi mipiringidzo ya tungsten heavy alloy, kuphatikiza kachulukidwe kwambiri, mphamvu, kuuma, kukana dzimbiri, kutchingira ma radiation, ndi machitidwe osagwiritsa ntchito maginito, zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana pamafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Kutsiliza

Tungsten heavy alloys, ndi kachulukidwe kake, mphamvu, ndi kukana kuvala ndi dzimbiri, apeza ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Kuchokera ku chitetezo cha radiation ndi chitetezo cha ballistic mpaka ma counterweights ndi kinetic energy penetrators, ma alloys awa amagwira ntchito yofunikira pamagwiritsidwe angapo. Pomwe ukadaulo ukupitilirabe patsogolo, kufunikira kwa zida zogwira ntchito kwambiri monga ma tungsten heavy alloys akuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka, ndikuyendetsa kafukufuku wowonjezera komanso luso pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.

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