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Chithunzi cha Ti13Nb13Zr ndi aloyi ya beta titaniyamu yomwe yatenga chidwi kwambiri pankhani ya uinjiniya wa biomedical ndi sayansi yazinthu. Aloyiyi imapangidwa ndi 13% niobium, 13% zirconium, ndi titaniyamu yoyenera. Imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake abwino amakina, biocompatibility, komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri pamakina osiyanasiyana azachipatala.

Zomwe zimapangidwira za Ti13Nb13Zr alloy ndizofunikira kwambiri. Imawonetsa kuphatikiza kwapadera kwamphamvu kwambiri, modulus yotsika yotsika, komanso kukana kutopa kwambiri. Mphamvu zamakomedwe a aloyi nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku 700 mpaka 1000 MPa, pomwe modulus yake yotanuka imakhala mozungulira 79-84 GPa, yomwe ndiyotsika kwambiri kuposa ya titaniyamu wamba ngati Ti-6Al-4V (110-120 GPa). Modulus yotsika iyi ndiyofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa kupsinjika kwa ma implants a mafupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukonzanso bwino kwa mafupa ndikukhazikitsa moyo wautali.

Kodi Ti13Nb13Zr ikuyerekeza bwanji ndi ma aloyi ena a titaniyamu?

Poyerekeza Ti13Nb13Zr ndi ma aloyi ena a titaniyamu, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zimachitika. Ma aloyi a titaniyamu nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'mitundu ikuluikulu itatu: alpha (α), alpha-beta (α+β), ndi aloyi a beta (β). Ti13Nb13Zr imagwera m'gulu la beta alloy, lomwe limapatsa mwayi wosiyana ndi ma alpha ndi alpha-beta.

Chimodzi mwazosiyana kwambiri ndi elastic modulus. Monga tanena kale, Ti13Nb13Zr ili ndi modulus yotsika yotsika poyerekeza ndi ma alloys omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati Ti-6Al-4V. Katunduyu ndi wofunikira kwambiri pazachipatala, makamaka m'ma implants a mafupa. Modulus yotsika yotsika imatanthawuza kuti kuuma kwa alloy kuli pafupi ndi mafupa aumunthu, zomwe zimathandiza kugawira kupsinjika maganizo mofanana ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha chitetezo cha kupsinjika maganizo - chodabwitsa chomwe fupa la fupa limapezeka chifukwa cha kugawanika kwa kupsinjika maganizo, zomwe zingathe kuchititsa kuti implants isungunuke kapena kulephera.

Pankhani ya mwayi, Chithunzi cha Ti13Nb13Zr imagwira yokha motsutsana ndi ma aloyi ena a titaniyamu. Ngakhale kulimba kwake komaliza sikungakhale kokwera ngati ma alpha-beta alloys, imaperekabe chiwongolero champhamvu ndi kulemera, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zonyamula katundu. Mphamvu zokolola za alloy nthawi zambiri zimayambira 600 mpaka 800 MPa, zomwe zimafanana kapena kupitilira apo kuposa ma aloyi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi malo ena komwe Ti13Nb13Zr imawala. Kuphatikizika kwa niobium ndi zirconium kumakulitsa kukana kwa aloyi ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dzimbiri, kuphatikiza ma pitting ndi corrosion. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'malo owopsa a thupi la munthu, pomwe ma implants amakumana ndi madzi amthupi osiyanasiyana komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito electrochemical.

Biocompatibility ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazachipatala, ndipo Ti13Nb13Zr imaposa mbali iyi. Mosiyana ndi ma aloyi ena a titaniyamu omwe ali ndi zinthu monga aluminiyamu kapena vanadium, zomwe zakhala zikugwirizana ndi zoopsa zomwe zingakhalepo kwa nthawi yayitali, Ti13Nb13Zr ili ndi zinthu zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizogwirizana kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha ma implants a nthawi yayitali ndikuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta zoyipa za minofu.

Kukana kutopa kwa Ti13Nb13Zr ndikoyeneranso. Mu cyclic loading mikhalidwe, yomwe imakhala yofala m'magwiritsidwe ambiri azachipatala (monga, zolowa m'malo olowa), alloy amawonetsa kutopa kwakukulu. Katunduyu amatsimikizira moyo wautali wa implants ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera koyambitsa kutopa.

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito biomedical kwa ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr ndi ziti?

Ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zapeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu muzogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, makamaka chifukwa cha makina awo abwino kwambiri komanso kugwirizanitsa kwawo. Ndodozi ndizofunika kwambiri m'mapangidwe a mafupa ndi mano, kumene kuphatikiza kwawo kwapadera kwa mphamvu, kutsika kosalala modulus, ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kumawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa nthawi yayitali m'thupi la munthu.

Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zili mu implants za mafupa, makamaka pamalumikizidwe onyamula katundu monga m'malo mwa chiuno ndi mawondo. Modulus yotsika yotanuka ya Ti13Nb13Zr poyerekeza ndi zida zachikhalidwe monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena cobalt-chromium alloys zimathandizira kuchepetsa kutchinga kupsinjika. Kuteteza kupsinjika kumachitika pamene implant imanyamula katundu wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafupa azitha kuzungulira mozungulira. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr, kupanikizika kumagawidwa mofanana pakati pa implant ndi fupa lozungulira, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mafupa ndi kukonzanso.

Mu opaleshoni ya msana, Zithunzi za Ti13Nb13Zr amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a msana. Ndodozi zimapereka chithandizo chofunikira kuti chikhale chogwirizana ndi msana pamene kusakanikirana kumachitika. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera kwa Ti13Nb13Zr kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ndodo zolimba kuti zithandizire msana koma zopepuka kuti zichepetse kukhumudwa kwa wodwalayo. Kuphatikiza apo, biocompatibility ya alloy imachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri m'malo ovuta ngati msana.

Kuyika mano ndi malo ena kumene ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zasonyeza lonjezo lalikulu. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a alloy osseointegration - kuthekera kolumikizana ndi minyewa yamfupa yozungulira - imapangitsa kukhala koyenera kuyika mizu ya mano. Kukaniza kwa dzimbiri kwa Ti13Nb13Zr ndikofunikira kwambiri m'malo amkamwa, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi malovu ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chakudya ndi zakumwa. Kukhoza kwa alloy kupirira mikhalidwe ya dzimbiri imeneyi kumapangitsa moyo wautali wa implants za mano.

Pakuchita opaleshoni yovulala, ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza fracture. Ndodozi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zikhazikitse kusweka kwa mafupa aatali, kupereka chithandizo choyenera cha machiritso oyenera. Mphamvu ya alloy imalola kupirira zolemetsa zomwe zimayikidwa panthawi ya machiritso, pomwe biocompatibility yake imachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Ntchito zamtima ndi malo ena omwe akutuluka ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr. Ngakhale sizofala ngati ntchito za mafupa, katundu wa alloy amachititsa kuti akhale oyenera zipangizo monga ma stents ndi zigawo za mtima. Kukaniza bwino kwa dzimbiri ndi biocompatibility ya Ti13Nb13Zr ndizofunikira kwambiri pamapulogalamuwa, pomwe zinthuzo zimalumikizana pafupipafupi ndi magazi.

Ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zikufufuzidwanso kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pa opaleshoni ya maxillofacial. M'machitidwe monga kukonzanso nsagwada kapena kukonza mafupa a nkhope, kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa alloy ndi biocompatibility kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Kutha kupanga ma implants opangidwa ndi makonda kuchokera ku ndodo za Ti13Nb13Zr zimalola madokotala ochita opaleshoni kuti akwaniritse zokometsera komanso zogwira ntchito bwino munjira zovutazi.

Kodi Ti13Nb13Zr ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusindikiza kwa 3D muzoyika zachipatala?

The ntchito Chithunzi cha Ti13Nb13Zr mu kusindikiza kwa 3D kwa implants zachipatala ndi gawo losangalatsa komanso lomwe likusintha mwachangu. Kusindikiza kwa 3D, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti zowonjezera, kumapereka kuthekera kopanga ma implants ovuta, makonda omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi la wodwala aliyense. Ukadaulo uwu, wophatikizidwa ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri za Ti13Nb13Zr, umatsegula mwayi watsopano pankhani yamankhwala okhazikika komanso kapangidwe kapamwamba ka implant.

Ti13Nb13Zr ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza kwa 3D muzoyika zachipatala, ndipo kafukufuku m'derali wasonyeza zotsatira zabwino. Mapangidwe a alloy ndi mawonekedwe ake amapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera panjira zosiyanasiyana zosindikizira za 3D, makamaka njira zophatikizira bedi la ufa monga Selective Laser Melting (SLM) ndi Electron Beam Melting (EBM).

Chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito Ti13Nb13Zr pa ma implants osindikizidwa a 3D ndikutha kupanga ma porous. Mapangidwe a porous awa amatha kutsanzira mawonekedwe achilengedwe a fupa, kulimbikitsa osseointegration bwino. Poyang'anira porosity ndi kukula kwa pore panthawi yosindikizira ya 3D, ofufuza ndi opanga amatha kukulitsa mphamvu zamakina a implant ndi kuyankhidwa kwachilengedwe. Mlingo waulamuliro uwu ndi wovuta kukwaniritsa ndi njira zachikhalidwe zopangira.

Kusindikiza kwa 3D kumathandizanso kupanga ma geometries ovuta omwe angakhale ovuta kapena osatheka kupanga pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zodziwika bwino. Kuthekera kumeneku ndikofunika kwambiri popanga ma implants okhudzana ndi odwala omwe amagwirizana bwino ndi thupi la munthu. Mwachitsanzo, ma implants opangidwa ndi cranial kapena ma maxillofacial reconstruction ovuta atha kupangidwa kutengera masikelo a CT ndikusindikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Ti13Nb13Zr, kuwonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso zogwira ntchito bwino.

Ubwino wina wa ma implants osindikizira a 3D a Ti13Nb13Zr ndi kuthekera kwa zida zogwirira ntchito. Posintha kapangidwe ka impulanti m'magawo osiyanasiyana, ndizotheka kupanga ma implants okhala ndi mawonekedwe okometsedwa a malo enieni. Mwachitsanzo, kuyika kwa mafupa kumatha kukhala ndi porous kwambiri pamawonekedwe a mafupa kuti alimbikitse osseointegration, ndikusunga maziko olimba, olimba kuti athe kunyamula katundu.

Pomaliza, aloyi ya Ti13Nb13Zr imadziwika ngati chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri pazachilengedwe. Kuphatikizika kwake kwapadera kwamakina, kuphatikiza mphamvu zambiri, modulus yotsika yotanuka, komanso kukana kutopa kwambiri, kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa ma implants osiyanasiyana azachipatala. The alloy's biocompatibility and corrosion resistance kumapangitsanso kuyenerera kwake kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali m'thupi la munthu. Kuchokera ku ma implants a mafupa ndi mano kupita kuzinthu zomwe zikubwera muzipangizo zosindikizidwa za 3D, Chithunzi cha Ti13Nb13Zr ikupitiriza kukankhira malire a zomwe zingatheke muukadaulo wa implant wamankhwala. Pamene kafukufuku akupitilira, titha kuyembekezera kuwona kugwiritsa ntchito kwatsopano kwa aloyi wosunthikawu, zomwe zitha kusintha chisamaliro cha odwala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala m'magawo osiyanasiyana azachipatala.

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