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ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu ndi zigawo zosunthika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera. Machubu awa, opangidwa kuti akwaniritse muyezo wa American Society for Testing and Equipment (ASTM) B861, amapereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwamphamvu, kukana dzimbiri, ndi mawonekedwe opepuka. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe kulimba ndi magwiridwe antchito ndizofunikira. Mu positi iyi yabulogu, tiwunika momwe machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndikuwunikanso mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi okhudza katundu ndi ntchito zawo.

Ndi mafakitale ati omwe amagwiritsa ntchito machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu?

Machubu a ASTM B861 a titaniyamu amapeza ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, chilichonse chimagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera kuti athane ndi zovuta zina. Nawa ena mwamakampani akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito machubu ochita bwino kwambiri awa:

1. Zamlengalenga ndi Zamlengalenga: Makampani opanga ndege mwina ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu. Zinthuzi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakina oyendetsa ndege, mizere yamafuta, ndi kapangidwe kake. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera kwa titaniyamu kumapangitsa kukhala chinthu choyenera chochepetsera kulemera kwa ndege ndikusunga umphumphu. M'ndege zamalonda, ndege zankhondo, ndi ndege, machubu a titaniyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zida zofikira, zida za injini, ndi machitidwe owongolera chilengedwe.

2. Chemical Processing: Makampani opanga mankhwala amadalira kwambiri machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu kuti asawonongeke mwapadera. Machubuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthanitsa kutentha, ma reactor, ndi mapaipi omwe amanyamula mankhwala oopsa, ma asidi, ndi zinthu zina zowononga. Kuthekera kwa titaniyamu kupirira madera ovuta amankhwala ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yamtengo wapatali pagawoli.

3. Mafuta ndi Gasi: M'makampani amafuta ndi gasi, machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'madzi apansi pa nyanja, ndi m'malo oyeretsera. Ndiwothandiza makamaka m'malo momwe madzi amchere amchere ndi ma hydrocarbons owononga amakhala ambiri. Machubu a Titaniyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthanitsa kutentha, kupangira mapaipi, ndi zida zotsitsa, pomwe kukana kwawo ku dzimbiri ndi mphamvu yayikulu ndikofunikira.

4. Kupanga Mphamvu: Gawo lopangira magetsi, kuphatikiza mafakitale a nyukiliya ndi geothermal, amagwiritsa ntchito ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. M'mafakitale amagetsi a nyukiliya, machubuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu condensers ndi kutentha exchanger chifukwa kukana kwawo ku radiation ndi dzimbiri. Zomera zamagetsi zamagetsi zimapindula ndi machubu a titaniyamu m'malo osinthanitsa kutentha ndi mapaipi omwe amatha kutentha kwambiri, zamadzimadzi amtundu wamafuta ochulukirapo.

5. Makampani azachipatala: The biocompatibility ya titaniyamu imapangitsa machubu a ASTM B861 kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazachipatala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zopangira opaleshoni, implants, ndi ma prosthetics. Kukaniza kwa zinthu zamadzimadzi am'thupi komanso kuthekera kwake kuphatikizika ndi minofu yamunthu zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa zida zamankhwala zanthawi yayitali.

Kusinthasintha kwa ASTM B861 titanium chubu m'mafakitalewa kukuwonetsa kufunikira kwawo muukadaulo wamakono ndi kupanga. Pamene luso lamakono likupita patsogolo ndi zovuta zatsopano zikuwonekera, ndizotheka kuti ntchito zamachubu apamwamba kwambirizi zipitirire kukula, kupeza ntchito zatsopano m'mafakitale omwe alipo komanso omwe akubwera.

Kodi machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu amafanana bwanji ndi zida zina?

Poyerekeza ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu kuzinthu zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zina, zinthu zingapo zofunika zimawonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa titaniyamu kukhala chisankho chokondedwa muzogwiritsa ntchito zambiri. Tiyeni tiwone momwe machubu awa amafananizira ndi zida zina zaukadaulo wamba:

1. Kulemera kwa Mphamvu ndi Kulemera kwake: Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri za ASTM B861 titaniyamu chubu ndi mphamvu zawo zapadera ndi kulemera kwake. Titaniyamu ndi yolimba ngati chitsulo koma pafupifupi 45% yopepuka. Katunduyu amapangitsa machubu a titaniyamu kukhala apamwamba kuposa zitsulo pamagwiritsidwe ntchito komwe kuchepetsa kulemera ndikofunikira, monga m'mafakitale apamlengalenga ndi magalimoto. Poyerekeza ndi aluminiyumu, titaniyamu ndi pafupifupi 60% yolemera koma imapereka mphamvu zoposa kuwirikiza kawiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwinoko pamapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri.

2. Kukaniza kwa Corrosion: Machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu amawonetsa kukana kwa dzimbiri, kupitilira zitsulo zina zambiri pankhaniyi. Titaniyamu imapanga wosanjikiza wokhazikika, woteteza oksidi pamtunda wake ukakumana ndi mpweya kapena madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke ndi dzimbiri m'malo osiyanasiyana. Katunduyu amapereka machubu a titaniyamu mwayi waukulu kuposa chitsulo, chomwe chimatha kuwonongeka mwachangu munthawi zina. Ngakhale kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimaperekanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, titaniyamu imaposa mphamvu zake m'malo ambiri ankhanza, makamaka pamaso pa ma chloride kapena kutentha kokwera.

3. Kusamvana kwa Kutentha: Machubu a Titaniyamu amasunga mphamvu zawo ndi kukhulupirika kwawo pamatenthedwe osiyanasiyana. Amagwira bwino ntchito zonse za cryogenic komanso pa kutentha kokwera mpaka pafupifupi 600 ° C (1112 ° F). Kutentha kumeneku kumaposa kwazitsulo zambiri za aluminiyamu, zomwe zimataya mphamvu pakatentha kwambiri. Ngakhale zitsulo zina zotentha kwambiri zimatha kugwira ntchito ngakhale kutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimabwera ndi chilango cholemera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi titaniyamu.

4. Biocompatibility: ASTM B861 titanium chubu ndi biocompatible kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti alibe poizoni ndi bwino kulolerana ndi thupi la munthu. Katunduyu amapangitsa titaniyamu kukhala wapamwamba kuposa zitsulo zina zambiri zamagwiritsidwe ntchito azachipatala. Ngakhale zitsulo zina zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zamankhwala, biocompatibility ya titaniyamu, kuphatikiza mphamvu zake ndi zinthu zopepuka, nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chokondedwa cha implants ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni.

5. Kukana Kutopa: Machubu a Titanium amawonetsa kukana kutopa kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamapulogalamu okhudzana ndi kutsitsa kwapang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri amaposa zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu pankhaniyi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa zida zomwe zimakumana ndi zovuta zobwerezabwereza, monga momwe ndege zimapangidwira kapena zida zamagalimoto zogwira ntchito kwambiri.

6. Chemical Resistance: The chemical resistance of ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu ndi wapamwamba kuposa zitsulo zina zambiri. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo klorini, mchere, ndi ma asidi ambiri. Katunduyu amapangitsa kuti machubu a titaniyamu akhale ofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala, komwe nthawi zambiri amaposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri m'malo amphamvu amankhwala.

Pomaliza, machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu amapereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwazinthu zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala apamwamba kuposa zida zina zambiri pamagwiritsidwe apadera. Kuchuluka kwawo kwamphamvu ndi kulemera kwawo, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwapadera, ndi biocompatibility zimawasiyanitsa ndi zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu m'zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito kwambiri. Ngakhale atha kubwera pamtengo wokwera kwambiri, phindu lanthawi yayitali pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, kulimba, ndi kukonza pang'ono nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu kukhala njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri pakufunsira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha machubu a ASTM B861 titaniyamu pazinthu zinazake?

Posankha ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu pazinthu zinazake, zinthu zingapo zofunika ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito yabwino ndi yotsika mtengo. Malingaliro awa amathandiza mainjiniya ndi opanga machubu oyenerera a titaniyamu pazosowa zawo. Tiyeni tifufuze mbali zofunika kukumbukira:

1. Kusankha M'kalasi: ASTM B861 imaphatikizapo magiredi angapo a titaniyamu ndi titaniyamu aloyi, iliyonse ili ndi katundu wake. Magiredi odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

- Gulu 1: Yoyera kwambiri komanso yotsika kwambiri, yokhala ndi mphamvu zotsika kwambiri. Ndi abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira mawonekedwe apamwamba.

- Gulu 2: Imapereka mphamvu zabwino komanso kukhazikika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza mankhwala ndi ntchito zam'madzi.

- Gulu 3: Zofanana ndi Sitandade 2 koma ndi mphamvu zapamwamba.

- Gulu la 4: Amphamvu kwambiri pamakalasi osasankhidwa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu yayikulu ikufunika popanda kufunikira kwa chithandizo cha kutentha.

- Kalasi 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): Aloyi yokhala ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kukana kutopa kwambiri, ndi zinthu zabwino zotentha kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzamlengalenga ndi zamankhwala.

Kusankhidwa kwa kalasi kumadalira zofunikira zenizeni za mphamvu, kukana kwa dzimbiri, ndi kutentha kwa ntchito mu ntchito yomwe mukufuna.

2. Malo Ogwirira Ntchito: Malo omwe machubu adzagwirira ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ganizirani:

- Kutentha kosiyanasiyana: Onetsetsani kuti giredi yosankhidwayo imatha kusunga katundu wake panyengo yotsika kwambiri komanso yoyembekezeka kwambiri.

- Kukumana ndi mankhwala: Ngati machubu adzakumana ndi zinthu zowononga, sankhani gawo loyenera kukana dzimbiri.

- Kupsinjika kwamakina: Ganizirani mitundu ya katundu (static, dynamic, cyclic) machubu omwe amakumana nawo ndikusankha giredi yokhala ndi makina oyenera.

3. Zofunikira za Dimensional: ASTM B861 imaphimba kukula kwake ndi makulidwe a khoma. Ganizilani:

- M'mimba mwake ndi makulidwe a khoma: Izi zimakhudza mphamvu ya chubu, kulemera kwake, ndi mawonekedwe ake.

- Utali: Onetsetsani kuti kutalika komwe kulipo kumakwaniritsa zosowa za pulogalamu yanu.

- Kulekerera: Onani ngati kulolerana kwanthawi zonse ndikokwanira kapena ngati kulolerana kokulirapo kumafunikira pakufunsira kwanu.

4. Kumaliza Pamwamba: Kumapeto kwa machubu a titaniyamu kumatha kukhudza momwe amagwirira ntchito, makamaka m'malo owononga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumayenda kwamadzi kumakhala kofunikira. ASTM B861 imatchula zina zofunika kumaliza pamwamba, koma kumaliza kwina kungakhale kofunikira pazinthu zinazake.

5. Kuchiza Kutentha: Ntchito zina zingafunike machubu a titaniyamu otenthedwa kuti awonjezere mphamvu. Ganizirani ngati mikhalidwe yocheperako kapena yothandizidwa ndi okalamba ndiyofunikira pakufunsira kwanu.

6. Kuwotcherera ndi Kupanga: Ngati machubu akufunika kuwotcherera kapena kupangidwanso, ganizirani:

- Weldability wa kalasi yosankhidwa

- Kupezeka kwa njira zoyenera zowotcherera komanso ukadaulo

- Kufunika kwa chithandizo cha kutentha pambuyo pa weld

- Kuthekera koipitsidwa panthawi yowotcherera (titaniyamu imagwira ntchito kwambiri pakatentha kwambiri)

Poganizira mozama zinthu izi, mainjiniya ndi opanga amatha kusankha zoyenera kwambiri ASTM B861 titaniyamu machubu kwa mapulogalamu awo enieni. Izi zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino, moyo wautali, komanso kutsika mtengo kwa chinthu chomaliza kapena dongosolo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopindulitsa kukaonana ndi ogulitsa titaniyamu kapena akatswiri azinthu popanga zisankho izi, makamaka pazofunikira kapena zapadera.

Ku SHAANXI CXMET TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD, timanyadira zamitundu yathu yayikulu, yomwe imathandizira zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamakasitomala. Kampani yathu ili ndi luso lapadera lopanga ndi kukonza, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu ndi zapamwamba komanso zolondola. Ndife odzipereka pazatsopano ndipo timayesetsa mosalekeza kupanga zinthu zatsopano, kutipangitsa kukhala patsogolo pamakampani athu. Ndi luso lotsogola laukadaulo, timatha kusintha ndikusintha msika womwe ukusintha mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, timapereka mayankho osinthika kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zamakasitomala athu. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zathu kapena mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zazomwe timapereka, chonde musazengereze kutilankhula nafe pa sales@cxmet.com. Gulu lathu limakhala lokonzeka nthawi zonse kukuthandizani.

Zothandizira

1. ASTM International. (2020). Mafotokozedwe Okhazikika a ASTM B861-20 a Titanium ndi Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe.

2. Lutjering, G., & Williams, JC (2007). Titaniyamu (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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4. Peters, M., Kumpfert, J., Ward, CH, & Leyens, C. (2003). Titanium Alloys for Aerospace Applications. Zida Zaukadaulo Zapamwamba, 5(6), 419-427.

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