chidziwitso

Mapepala a nickel oyera ndi mizere ndi mitundu yonse ya chitsulo chosunthika ichi, koma amasiyana mu miyeso yake, njira zopangira, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Tsamba la faifi tambala nthawi zambiri ndi lathyathyathya, la makona anayi a faifi tambala wokhala ndi malo okulirapo komanso makulidwe ofanana. Mosiyana ndi izi, timizere ta nickel tating'ono tating'onoting'ono ta nickel, nthawi zambiri timapanga ma coil. Ngakhale onsewa amapangidwa ndi nickel yoyera kwambiri, mawonekedwe awo osiyana amawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ndi kupanga. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira pakusankha mtundu wa faifi tambala yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera.

Kodi ma sheet a faifi tambala amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Chipepala cha nickel choyera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, kuphatikiza kukana kwa dzimbiri, kutsika kwamafuta ndi magetsi, komanso mawonekedwe amagetsi. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, mapepala a faifi tambala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zombo zochitira zinthu, zosinthira kutentha, ndi matanki osungira. Mapepalawa amapereka mphamvu yolimbana ndi mankhwala ambiri owononga, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kunyamula zinthu zaukali.

M'gawo lamagetsi, ma nickel sheets oyera amakhala ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga mabatire, makamaka mu mabatire a nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) ndi nickel-cadmium (NiCd). Mapepalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma electrode, otolera apano, ndi zida zina zamkati za batri. Kukhazikika kwawo kwamagetsi komanso kukana dzimbiri kumatsimikizira kusungidwa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komanso kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.

Makampani opanga ndege amadaliranso kwambiri mapepala a nickel opanda pake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za injini za jet, monga ma turbine blade ndi zipinda zoyaka moto. Kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kukana kwa okosijeni kwa nickel kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamapulogalamu ovutawa. Kuphatikiza apo, mapepala a nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zishango zoteteza kutentha ndi zida zina zodzitchinjiriza za mlengalenga ndi ma satellite.

M'munda wa electroplating, mapepala oyera a nickel amagwira ntchito ngati anode m'malo osambira a electroplating. Kusungunuka kwa ma anodewa kumapereka ma nickel ions ofunikira pakuyika, kuwonetsetsa kuti faifi tayala wokhazikika komanso wapamwamba kwambiri pamagawo osiyanasiyana. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'mafakitale monga opanga magalimoto, komwe kuyika kwa faifi tambala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kulimba ndi mawonekedwe a magawo.

Makampani opanga zakudya amapindulanso pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala a faifi tambala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zopangira chakudya, monga matanki osanganikirana, zotulutsa mpweya, ndi zosungiramo zakudya. Kusasunthika kwa nickel kumatsimikizira kuti sikuyipitsa zakudya, pomwe kutentha kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pamayendedwe owongolera kutentha.

Mu gawo la mphamvu, mapepala a nickel opanda pake zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga ma cell amafuta ndi njira zina zamaukadaulo zamagetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbale za bipolar ndi zigawo zina m'maselo olimba a oxide mafuta (SOFCs) ndi ma cell cell amafuta a proton exchange (PEMFCs). Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa nickel kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito izi.

Kodi nickel strip imapangidwa bwanji?

Kapangidwe ka mizere ya nickel yoyera imaphatikizapo masitepe angapo, chilichonse chofunikira kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna komanso kukula kwake. Njirayi imayamba ndi kupanga nickel yoyera kwambiri, makamaka kudzera mu electrorefining kapena njira ya carbonyl. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti zoyambira zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo pazantchito zambiri zamafakitale.

Chinthu chachikulu choyamba popanga nickel strip ndikusungunuka ndi kuponya. Nickel yoyera imasungunuka mu ng'anjo pansi pamikhalidwe yoyendetsedwa kuti isatengeke. Nickel yosungunuka imaponyedwa mu ingots kapena ma slabs mosalekeza, malingana ndi njira yopangira. Mafomu oyambilirawa amakhala ngati maziko opitira patsogolo.

Kenako pakubwera njira yotentha yogudubuza. Ma nickel ingots kapena ma slabs amatenthedwa ku kutentha komwe kumayambira 1000 ° C mpaka 1200 ° C. Pakutentha kokweraku, faifi tambalayo imakhala yofewa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makulidwe ake achepe kwambiri. Nickel wotenthedwa amadutsa mu mphero zingapo, pomwe amakanikizidwa pakati pa zodzigudubuza zazikulu. Njirayi sikuti imangochepetsa makulidwe komanso imathandizira kuphwanya kapangidwe kazinthuzo, ndikuwongolera zinthu zonse.

Pambuyo pa kugudubuzika kotentha, faifiyo imayamba kugudubuzika kozizira. Mu sitepe iyi, zinthuzo zimakonzedwa kutentha kapena kutentha pang'ono. Kugudubuzika kozizira kumachepetsanso makulidwe a mzerewo komanso kumapereka zida zamakina, monga kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu komanso kutha kwapamwamba. Kuzungulira kozizira kumatha kubwerezedwa kangapo, ndi chithandizo chapakatikati kuti abwezeretse ductility ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwamkati.

Annealing ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri popanga mzere wa nickel. Kumaphatikizapo kutenthetsa zinthu ku kutentha kwapadera ndiyeno kuziziziritsa pansi pamikhalidwe yolamulidwa. Njirayi imathandizira kuthetsa kupsinjika kwamkati, kufewetsa zinthu ngati kuli kofunikira, ndikukwaniritsa kapangidwe ka tirigu komwe mukufuna. Ma annealing parameters amatha kusinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi mawonekedwe omaliza a nickel strip kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito.

Chithandizo chapamwamba nthawi zambiri chimakhala gawo lomaliza popanga. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyeretsa, kupukuta, kapena kuyika zokutira zoteteza. Pazinthu zina, mzere wa nickel utha kupitilira njira zina monga kudula kuti muchepetse m'lifupi kapena m'mphepete mwake.

Kuwongolera khalidwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga. Panthawi yonse yopanga, mzere wa nickel umayesedwa ndikuwunikiridwa mosiyanasiyana kuti awonetsetse kuti akukwaniritsa zofunikira. Izi zitha kuphatikiza macheke amtundu, kusanthula kwamankhwala, kuyezetsa katundu wamakina, ndi kuyang'anira pamwamba.

Njira yonse yopangira zinthu imayendetsedwa mosamala kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikugwirizana komanso kukhala yabwino. Zinthu monga kutentha, mphamvu yogudubuza, kuchepetsa pakadutsa, ndi kuziziritsa kumayang'aniridwa ndi kusinthidwa ngati pakufunika. Kusamala mwatsatanetsatane kumabweretsa mzere wa nickel weniweni wokhala ndi miyeso yolondola, makina oyendetsedwa bwino, komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wa pepala la nickel?

Mtengo pepala la nickel loyera zimatengera kusagwirizana kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kupita ku zofuna zamakampani. Kumvetsetsa zinthu izi ndikofunikira kwa onse opanga komanso ogula zinthu za faifi tambala, chifukwa zimathandiza kupanga zisankho mwanzeru ndikuwongolera ndalama moyenera.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wa pepala loyera la nickel ndi kuchuluka kwapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kuchuluka kwa kufunikira. Nickel ndi chida chomaliza, ndipo kupezeka kwake kumatha kusinthasintha potengera kutulutsa kwamigodi, zinthu zadziko, komanso malamulo achilengedwe. Pamene kufunikira kukukulirakulira, mitengo imakonda kukwera, ndipo mosemphanitsa. Maiko akuluakulu omwe amapanga faifi tambala monga Indonesia, Philippines, ndi Russia atha kukhudza kwambiri kupezeka kwapadziko lonse lapansi kudzera mukusintha kwa mfundo kapena kusintha kapangidwe kake.

Thanzi lonse lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi limathandizira kwambiri pakuzindikira mitengo ya nickel. Panthawi ya kukula kwachuma, mafakitale omwe amadalira kwambiri faifi tambala, monga kupanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi kupanga mabatire, amakonda kukulitsa zofuna zawo. Kufuna kowonjezerekaku kungapangitse mitengo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene chuma chikugwa, kuchepa kwa ntchito zamafakitale kungayambitse kutsika kwa nickel ndipo, motero, kutsika kwamitengo.

Makampani opanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, pokhala ogula kwambiri faifi tambala, amakhudza kwambiri mitengo ya mapepala a faifi tambala. Kusinthasintha kwa kupanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi zinthu monga ntchito yomanga ndi kupanga magalimoto, zimakhudza mwachindunji kufunikira kwa nickel. Pomwe bizinesi yamagalimoto amagetsi (EV) ikupitilira kukula, kufunikira kwake kwa faifi tambala pakupanga mabatire kukukhala chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chikuyambitsa mitengo.

Mitengo yosinthira ndi kusinthasintha kwa ndalama kumathandizanso pamitengo ya faifi tambala. Popeza faifi nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa ndi madola aku US, kusintha kwa mtengo wa dola poyerekeza ndi ndalama zina kungakhudze mtengo wake kwa ogula apadziko lonse lapansi. Dola yamphamvu imatha kupangitsa fayilo kukhala yokwera mtengo kwa ogula pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zina, zomwe zingachepetse kufunika kwake komanso kusokoneza mitengo.

Ndalama zopangira ndi chinthu china chofunikira. Izi zikuphatikizapo ndalama za migodi, mitengo ya magetsi, ndalama za ogwira ntchito, komanso ndalama zoyendetsera chilengedwe. Pamene ndalamazi zikuchulukirachulukira, zimatha kukweza mitengo ya faifi tambala pomwe opanga amafuna kukhalabe ndi phindu. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pamigodi ndi kukonza zinthu nthawi zina kungathandize kuchepetsa kukwera mtengo, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala pang'onopang'ono.

Zochita zongopeka m'misika yazinthu zitha kubweretsa kusakhazikika kwamitengo kwakanthawi kochepa. Amalonda ndi osunga ndalama amatha kugula kapena kugulitsa tsogolo la faifi tambala potengera zomwe amayembekeza pakuyenda kwamitengo yamtsogolo, zomwe nthawi zina zimatha kubweretsa kusinthasintha kwamitengo komwe sikumawonetsetsanso zofunikira zomwe zimafunikira.

Zochitika za geopolitical ndi mfundo zamalonda zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zadzidzidzi komanso zazikulu pamitengo ya faifi tambala. Mikangano yamalonda, zilango, kapena zoletsa zotumiza kunja zimatha kusokoneza ma chain chain ndikupangitsa kusatsimikizika pamsika, zomwe zimadzetsa kusinthasintha kwamitengo. Mwachitsanzo, kuletsa kwa dziko la Indonesia kugulitsa nickel ore mu 2020 kudakhudza kwambiri mitengo ya faifi tambala padziko lonse lapansi.

Kukula koyang'ana pa kukhazikika komanso kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe kukukhudza kwambiri mitengo ya nickel. Pamene malamulo okhudzana ndi kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon ndi machitidwe okhazikika a migodi akuchulukirachulukira, amatha kukhudza mtengo wopangira komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu. Kuphatikiza apo, kukankhira njira zopangira nickel zokomera chilengedwe kumatha kukhudza mitengo m'kupita kwanthawi.

Pomaliza, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, makamaka muukadaulo wa batri pamagalimoto amagetsi, kumatha kukhudza kwambiri kufunikira kwa faifi tambala ndipo, chifukwa chake, mtengo wake. Pamene opanga mabatire akupitiriza kupanga matekinoloje atsopano omwe angafunike nickel yochulukirapo kapena yocheperapo, zingayambitse kusintha kwa machitidwe ofunidwa ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali.

Pomaliza, mtengo wa pepala la nickel loyera zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ukonde wovuta wa zinthu zolumikizana. Ngakhale kuti zina mwazinthuzi ndi zodziwikiratu pamlingo wina, zina zimatha kubweretsa mayendedwe adzidzidzi komanso ofunika kwambiri. Kwa mabizinesi omwe amadalira mapepala a faifi tambala, kukhala odziwitsidwa za zovuta zosiyanasiyanazi ndikukhalabe osinthika munjira zawo zogulira ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera ndalama bwino pamsika wamakonowu.

Ku SHAANXI CXMET TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD, timanyadira zamitundu yathu yayikulu, yomwe imathandizira zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamakasitomala. Kampani yathu ili ndi luso lapadera lopanga ndi kukonza, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu ndi zapamwamba komanso zolondola. Ndife odzipereka pazatsopano ndipo timayesetsa mosalekeza kupanga zinthu zatsopano, kutipangitsa kukhala patsogolo pamakampani athu. Ndi luso lotsogola laukadaulo, timatha kusintha ndikusintha msika womwe ukusintha mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, timapereka mayankho osinthika kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zamakasitomala athu. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zathu kapena mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zazomwe timapereka, chonde musazengereze kutilankhula nafe pa sales@cxmet.com. Gulu lathu limakhala lokonzeka nthawi zonse kukuthandizani.

Zothandizira:

1. Gulu Lophunzira la Nickel Padziko Lonse. (2023). World Nickel Statistics.

2. London Metal Exchange. (2024). Nickel Market Data.

3. US Geological Survey. (2024). Chidule cha Mineral Commodity: Nickel.

4. Banki Yadziko Lonse. (2023). Mawonekedwe a Ma Market Market.

5. International Stainless Steel Forum. (2024). Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pazithunzi.

6. Bloomberg New Energy Finance. (2023). Mawonekedwe a Galimoto Yamagetsi.

7. McKinsey & Company. (2024). Tsogolo la Nickel: Malingaliro Padziko Lonse.

8. Wood Mackenzie. (2023). Global Nickel Outlook Yanthawi yayitali.

9. S&P Global Platts. (2024). Metals Market Report.

10. Goldman Sachs. (2023). Kafukufuku wazinthu: Nickel Outlook.